Application of Chemical Filter in Water Treatment
Release time:
2023-02-01
Due to the needs of the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" expansion project, the external supply of seawater desalination has increased, the amount of raw water has increased correspondingly, and the water quality requirements have been improved. The original secondary treatment capacity of 240 t/h gravity valveless filter cannot meet the production requirements. There are problems in the system, and transformation is inevitable,chemical filterPlays a key role, then, the following together to understand the application of chemical filters in water treatment!
1, Production system process status and problem analysis
Original process flow
The chemical filter is a constant velocity filter designed by using the principle of hydraulics with a flow rate of 6-10 m/h. The process flow of raw water system is shown in Figure 1. Raw water comes from the Yangtze River and enters the water supply system after coarse filtration. The low-temperature power station heat exchanger (replacement 4) exchanges heat with the refinery hot water (hot desalted water) and heats it to about 40. It is then filtered to the clean water tank (pool) by the valveless filter, and then led to the subsequent water treatment equipment (softened water treatment system) by the clean water pump.
Problems with the original system
(1) Due to the poor quality of the inlet water of the system, 2 sets of 4 blocks were replaced, and the mud accumulation was very serious, which affected the heating of raw water. It is often necessary to shut down and repair one set. The output of replacing 4 sets by one set is small, and the temperature of raw water cannot meet the process requirements. Reduce the periodic water production of ion exchangers and increase the cost of water production.
(2) chemical filter backwash water consumption is large, take away a lot of heat, resulting in a great waste of heat.
(3) The chemical filter covers an area of too large, and the size of the valveless filter with a processing capacity of 240 t/h is 8m4m3.6m. Due to the limitations of the site and production conditions, it is impossible to build a large set of valpless filters, using granular filter materials for filtration, and its filtration accuracy is limited by the particle size of the filter material and the turbidity of the filter material. The effluent is as high as 5mg/L, and the filter material cleaning operation is too heavy; it is easy to produce accumulation plate, the filter material is replaced frequently, and the labor intensity is high.
2. Feasibility analysis
In order to solve the problems existing in the original system, after investigation and analysis, in line with the principle of process technology and high degree of automation, the process flow of raw water system is reformed by PLC control. The process flow is shown in Figure 2. The raw water of the system is first filtered by 4 groups of D3000mm fiber filters, then enters the low-temperature power station for 4 times of heating, and then enters the clean water tank. The design output of the single fiber filter is 210 t/h.
Working principle of chemical filter
The chemical filter is a filter device in which a bundle of bulked fiber filaments (D20-50m) with heavy hanging is suspended at the lower end and is suspended on a porous plate provided on the upper part of the filter as a filter medium. The portion of the fiber bundle near the porous plate has several capsules. When filtering, the capsule is first filled with water, forcing the surrounding fiber bundles to make it dense, and then the water flows upward through the fiber pores from bottom to top. When cleaning, first drain the moisture in the bag, cancel the extrusion of the fiber bundle, so that the fiber bundle is restored to a fluffy state under the joint action of gravity and expanded fiber elasticity, and then stirred and scrubbed with air and water.
Since the fiber used as the filter element is a flexible and soft material, the diameter of the filter material can reach tens of microns, and there is a large amount of void space in the filter material layer. Different fiber porosity can be obtained by using the extrusion conditions of the fiber bundle, and the efficiency and resistance of the filter can be controlled within a set range, which solves the problems of traditional filtering equipment such as valveless filter, siphon filter, mechanical filter, etc. All of them use quartz sand and other granular filter materials for filtration, and the filtration accuracy is limited by the large particle size of the filter materials. The small diameter of the filter material greatly increases the specific surface area and surface free energy of the filter material, and increases the impurities in the water. The contact opportunities of the particles with the filter material and the adsorption capacity of the filter material are improved, thereby improving the filtration efficiency and retention capacity.
Compared with the valve-less filter with quartz sand as the filter material, the fiber filter with fiber as the filter material has the advantages of high filtration efficiency, fast filtration speed, large amount of sewage interception, large periodic water production and low self-consumption. It occupies less land. It has the characteristics of small footprint, and at the same time solves the problems existing in the original process, and has high economic and social benefits. If the cleaning technology of the filter material can be improved, the internal structure of the filter equipment can be simplified, so that it has the ability to directly treat high turbidity water, and better solve the problem of large fiber filtration equipment, it can be more widely used in the field of water treatment.
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